IoT-Enabled Smart Overspeed Vehicle Detection Systems for Road Safety Applications

Abstract

Speeding remains a leading factor in road accidents globally. This paper examines IoT-enabled smart overspeed vehicle detection systems developed up to and around 2018 for enhancing road safety. Key among early innovations is the Automatic Speed Surveillance and Vehicle Alerting System Using IoT, introduced in 2018, which implements a real-time autonomous monitoring architecture using RFID tags, Wi-Fi, and a controller to detect and alert on speed violations without disrupting traffic flow Science Publishing Corporation. The system autonomously logs overspeed incidents, facilitating effective enforcement. Complementing this is a 2018 prototype from Paras Sandip Waykole et al., featuring a smart vehicle system that employs hall-effect sensors to record speed and GPS coordinates, storing data in the cloud for later analysis of overspeed statistics IJARIIT. Together, these IoT-based systems demonstrate early trends: real-time detection, automated alerting, and cloud-enabled data logging. This paper synthesizes their architectures, detection mechanisms, and data workflows, assessing efficacy in improving safety and law enforcement responsiveness. The analysis reveals strengths—instant alerts, scalable monitoring, reduced human intervention—and weaknesses—sensor accuracy, infrastructure dependency, and privacy concerns. We propose a refined IoT architecture combining on-board units, roadside gateways, and commercial communication protocols—drawing inspiration from broader Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) frameworks (i.e., OBU, RSU, cloud structure) Wiley Online Library. Through comparative evaluation of 2018 prototypes and this conceptual design, the findings offer actionable recommendations for deploying smart overspeed detection systems. The study concludes that IoT-based systems from the 2018 era laid a solid foundation for intelligent, scalable overspeed enforcement, marking an important leap toward safer, data-driven roads.